εξουσία
Lemma: εξουσία
Translation: power; authority; control; dominion; jurisdiction (noun)
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐξουσία (exousía), derived from ἔξεστι (éxesti) meaning 'it is permitted'. The word combines the prefix ἐξ- (ex-, 'out of, from') with οὐσία (ousía, 'essence, substance, being'). The concept implies power that stems from one's essential nature or position. The English word 'executive' shares a similar conceptual root in terms of exercising authority.
Example Usage
Η κυβέρνηση ασκεί την εξουσία στη χώρα.
The government exercises power in the country.
Έχει μεγάλη εξουσία στην εταιρεία.
He has great authority in the company.
Η κατάχρηση εξουσίας είναι σοβαρό πρόβλημα.
Abuse of power is a serious problem.
Η κυβέρνηση έχει την εξουσία να θεσπίζει νόμους.
The government has the authority to establish laws.
Κατάχρηση εξουσίας είναι ένα συχνό φαινόμενο στην πολιτική.
Abuse of power is a common phenomenon in politics.
Οι γονείς έχουν εξουσία πάνω στα παιδιά τους.
Parents have authority over their children.
Mnemonics
- Think of 'executive' power – both words relate to authority and control.
- Break it down: 'εξ' (out of) + 'ουσία' (essence) – power that comes from one's essential position.
Cultural Context
In Greek society, 'εξουσία' is frequently used in political and social discourse. It can have both positive and negative connotations depending on context. The term is often used in discussions about state power, institutional authority, and social hierarchies. In Orthodox Christian contexts, it can also refer to divine authority.
Easily Confused With
Explanation: While 'εξουσία' refers to power or authority itself, 'εξουσιοδότηση' means 'authorization' or the act of giving someone authority.
Confused word:
Χρειάζεσαι εξουσιοδότηση για να δράσεις εκ μέρους της εταιρείας.
You need authorization to act on behalf of the company.
Notes: Both terms are common in legal and administrative contexts.
Mnemonic: 'Εξουσία' is the power itself, while 'εξουσιοδότηση' is the delegation of that power (note the longer word).
Explanation: 'Εξουσία' (authority) contains 'ουσία' (substance, essence) but has a completely different meaning related to power rather than material existence.
Notes: 'Ουσία' is more philosophical and relates to essence or substance, while 'εξουσία' is about power relationships.
Mnemonic: 'Εξουσία' has the prefix 'εξ-' (out of) + 'ουσία' (essence), suggesting power that comes from one's essential position.