προσκυνώ
Lemma: προσκυνώ
Translation: to worship; to bow down to; to venerate; to adore (verb)
Etymology: From Ancient Greek προσκυνέω (proskuneō), composed of πρός (pros, 'towards') + κυνέω (kuneō, 'to kiss'). Originally referred to the Persian custom of prostrating oneself before persons of higher rank, literally meaning 'to kiss towards'. The gesture involved touching the ground with one's forehead while kneeling, a practice that evolved into religious worship.
Mnemonics
- Think 'pros' (towards) + 'kune' (kiss) = showing reverence by bowing down
- Imagine a person prostrating themselves while kissing the ground in worship
Related Words, Phrases & Idioms
Antonyms
Example Wordforms
Cultural Context
Particularly important in Greek Orthodox religious context, where προσκύνημα (pilgrimage) and the act of προσκύνηση (veneration) of icons and relics is a fundamental practice. Also used metaphorically in modern Greek to express deep respect or admiration.
Easily Confused With
Explanation: While προσκυνώ means 'to worship', προσκαλώ means 'to invite'
This word:
Προσκυνώ την εικόνα.
I venerate the icon.
Confused word:
Προσκαλώ τους φίλους μου.
I invite my friends.
Notes: Both start with προσ- but have very different religious vs social contexts
Mnemonic: προσκυνώ has 'κυν' (kun) like 'kiss', προσκαλώ has 'καλ' like 'call'